As the only big-city surgeon on the case, he was eagerly questioned and quoted, and his rosy prognostications largely contributed to the delusion of the American public. The new republic, dominated by business interests, had overthrown the Queen in 1893 when she rejected a limited role for herself. [26] McKinley and his comrades saw little action until July 1863, when the division skirmished with John Hunt Morgan's cavalry at the Battle of Buffington Island. William McKinley was born on Jan. 29, 1843, in Niles, Ohio. Combat began early in May and ended with an armistice in mid-August. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. However, compared with the Democrats, Republican divisions on the issue were small, especially as McKinley promised future concessions to silver advocates. How many siblings did Christopher Columbus have? In the final days before the convention, McKinley decided, after hearing from politicians and businessmen, that the platform should endorse the gold standard, though it should allow for bimetallism through coordination with other nations. In March McKinley gave Spain an ultimatum, including demands for an end to the brutality inflicted upon Cubans and the start of negotiations leading toward independence for the island. A businessman in Youngstown, Robert Walker, had lent money to McKinley in their younger days; in gratitude, McKinley had often guaranteed Walker's borrowings for his business. T he Spanish-American War and the subsequent acquisition of colonies by the United States were the most important events of William McKinley's presidency. By 1886, McKinley, Senator John Sherman, and Governor Joseph B. Foraker were considered the leaders of the Republican party in Ohio. Members of the Cabinet, who had rushed to Buffalo on hearing the news, dispersed, and Vice President Roosevelt departed on a camping trip to the Adirondacks. They were the children of William Sr. and Nancy Allison McKinley. [220] She died only months before the completion of the large marble monument to her husband in Canton, which was dedicated by President Roosevelt on September 30, 1907. When I saw him last I was convinced both of his perfect health, physically and mentally, and that the prospects of life were remarkably good. How many siblings did Napoleon Bonaparte have? His political efforts in Ohio were rewarded with the election in November 1895 of a Republican successor as governor, Asa Bushnell, and a Republican legislature that elected Foraker to the Senate. With the War Department plagued by scandal, Alger resigned at McKinley's request in mid-1899. "[117], McKinley's most controversial Cabinet appointment was that of John Sherman as Secretary of State. In the bitterness that followed the convention, Hanna abandoned Foraker. Hanna established an unofficial McKinley headquarters near the convention hall, though no active effort was made to convert delegates to McKinley's cause. Find out more about his birthplace and early life in this lesson. How many siblings did Abraham Lincoln have? [152] McKinley and Miles also ordered an invasion of Puerto Rico, which met little resistance when it landed in July. His popularity was soon overshadowed by Roosevelt's. [58], McKinley increasingly became a significant figure in national politics. William McKinley: Many U.S. president have had unusual or amusing nicknames, such as 'Landslide Lyndon' and 'Napoleon of the Stump.' William McKinley's nickname was 'the Napoleon of Protection' because of his role in enacting numerous protective trade tariffs. How many sisters did George Washington have? [224] McKinley biographer Kevin Phillips suggests that the significant number of major memorials to McKinley in Ohio reflect the expectation among Ohioans in the years after McKinley's death that he would be ranked among the great presidents. McKinley sought guidance in these matters from two . [46] Two years later, Katherine died of typhoid fever. [42] After studying there for less than a year, McKinley returned home and was admitted to the bar in Warren, Ohio, in March 1867. [24] The 23rd was in the thick of the fighting at Antietam, and McKinley came under heavy fire when bringing rations to the men on the line. Although a primitive X-ray machine was being exhibited on the exposition grounds, it was not used. The Republican Party sent its leading orators to Canton, including Blaine (then Secretary of State), Speaker Reed, and President Harrison. [238] The territorial expansion of 1898 is often seen by historians as the beginning of American empire. William McKinley (January 29, 1843 - September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his assassination in September 1901, six months into his second term. [172] With the international effort a failure, McKinley turned away from silver coinage and embraced the gold standard. [107], McKinley always thought of himself as a tariff man and expected that the monetary issues would fade away in a month. [187] McKinley initially favored Elihu Root, who had succeeded Alger as Secretary of War, but McKinley decided that Root was doing too good a job at the War Department to move him. He began working as a postal clerk and later took a job teaching at a school near Poland, Ohio. [54] The United States had effectively been placed on the gold standard by the Coinage Act of 1873; when silver prices dropped significantly, many sought to make silver again a legal tender, equally with gold. [197] Bryan's campaigning failed to excite the voters as it had in 1896, and McKinley never doubted that he would be re-elected. [28] McKinley later said the combat there was "as desperate as any witnessed during the war". [206] McKinley was taken to the exposition aid station, where the doctor was unable to locate the second bullet. By the end of September, the Republicans had discontinued printing material on the silver issue, and were entirely concentrating on the tariff question. His mother, Nancy Allison McKinley, served as a village leader. [193], The candidates were the same, but the issues of the campaign had shifted: free silver was still a question that animated many voters, but the Republicans focused on victory in war and prosperity at home as issues they believed favored their party. William R. Day agreed to serve as secretary until the war's end. McKinley won the entire Northeast and Midwest; he won 51% of the vote and an ample majority in the Electoral College. [146], Meanwhile, in the Caribbean theater, a large force of regulars and volunteers gathered near Tampa, Florida, for an invasion of Cuba. The Ohioan guided the McKinley Tariff of 1890 through Congress; although McKinley's work was altered through the influence of special interests in the Senate, it imposed a number of protective tariffs on foreign goods. By Peri E. Arnold. McKinley needed to have Hanna appointed to the Senate so Senator Sherman was moved up. Inaugurated president March 4, 1897, McKinley promptly called a special session of Congress to revise customs duties upward. His 1890 McKinley Tariff was highly controversial and, together with a Democratic redistricting aimed at gerrymandering him out of office, led to his defeat in the Democratic landslide of 1890. "[89], The bosses still hoped to deny McKinley a first-ballot majority at the convention by boosting support for local favorite son candidates such as Quay, New York Governor (and former vice president) Levi P. Morton, and Illinois Senator Shelby Cullom. It is manifest destiny. The table provides as list of cabinet members in the administration of Pres. Biography. [157] The talks continued until December 18, when the Treaty of Paris was signed. Hobart, a wealthy lawyer, businessman, and former state legislator, was not widely known, but as Hanna biographer Herbert Croly pointed out, "if he did little to strengthen the ticket he did nothing to weaken it". The issue bitterly divided the Democratic Party; President Cleveland firmly supported the gold standard, but an increasing number of rural Democrats wanted silver, especially in the South and West. His achievements were cut short when he was fatally shot on September 6, 1901, by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. [101][102] Delegations marched through the streets from the railroad station to McKinley's home on North Market Street. He was a pioneer of the iron industry in eastern Ohio as well as the father of President William McKinley. Adoption of the platform caused some western delegates, led by Colorado Senator Henry M. Teller, to walk out of the convention. [66] Out of office, he was briefly depressed by the setback, but soon vowed to run again. The Republicans could not reverse the gerrymander, as legislative elections would not be held until 1891, but they could throw all their energies into the district. Pamphlets tumbled from the presses, to be read, reread, studied, debated, to become guides to economic thought and political action. How many siblings did Garrett Morgan have? [61] Hanna came to admire McKinley and became a friend and close adviser to him. McKinley supported Foraker for the Senate and Bushnell (who was of Foraker's faction) for governor; in return, the new senator-elect agreed to back McKinley's presidential ambitions. Czolgosz, put on trial for murder nine days after McKinley's death, was found guilty, sentenced to death on September 26 and executed by electric chair on October 29, 1901. Ida never recovered from her daughters' deaths, and the McKinleys had no more children. Birth Year: 1843. [152] The distance from Spain and the destruction of the Spanish navy made resupply impossible, and the Spanish government began to look for a way to end the war. 7311599). Graduating from Poland Seminary in 1859, McKinley enrolled the following year at Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania. How many siblings did Eleanor Roosevelt have? QUICK FACTS. How many siblings did James Buchanan have? He also visited Confederate memorials. [75] Although McKinley believed that the health of the nation depended on that of business, he was evenhanded in dealing with labor. I want to go, too. When William Ivy McKinley was born on 1 January 1779, in County Monaghan, Ireland, his father, M McKinley, was 50 and his mother, F McKinley, was 49. If such a thing were possible, it would not be best for us or for those with whom we deal. When Ohio was reached in the roll call of states, its votes gave McKinley the nomination, which he celebrated by hugging his wife and mother as his friends fled the house, anticipating the first of many crowds that gathered at the Republican candidate's home. After his failure to get close enough on September 5, Czolgosz waited until the next day at the Temple of Music on the exposition grounds, where the president was to meet the public. We should take from our customers such of their products as we can use without harm to our industries and labor. [139] McKinley found Alger inadequate as Secretary of War, and did not get along with the Army's commanding general, Nelson A. Charleshad 10 siblings: John McKinley, Catherine McKiel (born McKinley)and 8 other siblings. Although a mid-20th century investigation proved conclusively that the Maine was destroyed by an internal explosion, the yellow press convinced Americans of Spanish responsibility. "[84] From the beginning, McKinley's preparations had the participation of Hanna, whose biographer William T. Horner noted, "What is certainly true is that in 1888 the two men began to develop a close working relationship that helped put McKinley in the White House. He pointed to McKinley's success at building an electoral coalition that kept the Republicans mostly in power for a generation. How many brothers did George Washington have? Under McKinleys leadership, the United States went to war against Spain in 1898 and thereby acquired a global empire, which included Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. William McKinley was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his assassination on September 14, 1901, after leading the nation to victory in the. [93][94], Before the Republican convention, McKinley had been a "straddle bug" on the currency question, favoring moderate positions on silver such as accomplishing bimetallism by international agreement. How many siblings did William Carey have? How many siblings did William Clark have? In the wake of Cleveland's victory, McKinley was seen by some as the likely Republican candidate in 1896. Although no declared Republican candidate opposed Harrison, many Republicans were ready to dump the president from the ticket if an alternative emerged. As McKinley biographer Kevin Phillips notes, "No documents, no diaries, no confidential letters to Mark Hanna (or anyone else) contain his secret hopes or veiled stratagems. "[216] Beginning in the 1950s, McKinley received more favorable evaluations; nevertheless, in surveys ranking American presidents, he has generally been placed near the middle, often trailing contemporaries such as Hayes and Cleveland. How many siblings did Coretta Scott King have? A Republican, McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War; he was the only one to begin his service as an enlisted man, and end as a brevet major. Voters in cities supported McKinley; the only city outside the South of more than 100,000 population carried by Bryan was Denver, Colorado. For the rest of McKinley's life, the Ohio Republican Party was divided into two factions, one aligned with McKinley, Sherman, and Hanna, and the other with Foraker. [29] Before the army could make another attempt, Confederate General Jubal Early's raid into Maryland forced their recall to the north. The candidate then responded, speaking on campaign issues in a speech molded to suit the interest of the delegation. [130][131], In January 1898, Spain promised some concessions to the rebels, but when American consul Fitzhugh Lee reported riots in Havana, McKinley agreed to send the battleship USS Maine. William McKinley Jr. was born in 1843 in Niles, Ohio, the seventh of nine children of William McKinley Sr. and Nancy (ne Allison) McKinley. Morton operatives who journeyed to Indiana sent word back that they had found the state alive for McKinley. Once there, they crowded close to the front porchfrom which they surreptitiously whittled souvenirsas their spokesman addressed McKinley. The central issue was the nations money supply. McKinley had three Brothers:David Alison McKinley ( Nov 23, 1829-Sept 18, 1892 married Nancy Minerva Scott.James Rose ( Sept 27, 1833 -Oct 11,1889) married Eliza Howe FullerAbner ( Nov 27, 1840 . McKinley had built his reputation in Congress on high tariffs, promising protection for American business and well-paid American factory workers. [45] They were married on January 25, 1871, in the newly built First Presbyterian Church of Canton. Ida Saxton McKinley was born and raised in the home, and it remained in her family until 1919. [3] William McKinley having learned the iron business from his father managed a furnace near New Wilmington, PA. for twenty one years. "A Transitional Moment: William McKinley's Foreign Policy Rhetoric and America's Outward Turn" (University of Kansas;ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2017. [177] When black postmasters at Hogansville, Georgia, in 1897, and at Lake City, South Carolina, the following year, were assaulted, McKinley issued no statement of condemnation. [170] McKinley was satisfied with the terms, but the Senate rejected them, demanding that the United States be allowed to fortify the canal. [230] Historian Daniel P. Klinghard argued that McKinley's personal control of the 1896 campaign gave him the opportunity to reshape the presidencyrather than simply follow the party platformby representing himself as the voice of the people. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Alaska Board of Geographic Names reverted the name of the mountain to Denali, its local appellation, in 1975. [45] When McKinley ran for re-election in 1871, the Democrats nominated William A. Lynch, a prominent local lawyer, and McKinley was defeated by 143 votes. With party peace in Ohio assured, McKinley turned to the national arena. Zillow has 2400 homes for sale. In his final speech, McKinley urged reciprocity treaties with other nations to assure American manufacturers access to foreign markets. This desire to care for the less fortunate was characteristic of McKinley and was nowhere better illustrated than in his marriage. In the end, McKinley lost by 300 votes, but the Republicans won a statewide majority and claimed a moral victory. [35] In February 1865, Crook was captured by Confederate raiders. Buffalo, New York. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. [219], There was a widespread expectation that Ida McKinley would not long survive her husband; one family friend stated, as William McKinley lay dying, that they should be prepared for a double funeral. McKinley was the son of William McKinley, a manager of a . [184], Republicans were generally successful in state and local elections around the country in 1899, and McKinley was optimistic about his chances at re-election in 1900. [47] The next year, McKinley undertook a high-profile case defending a group of striking coal miners, who were arrested for rioting after a clash with strikebreakers. In the brief Spanish-American Wara splendid little war, in the words of Secretary of State John Haythe United States easily defeated Spanish forces in the Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. [55] McKinley voted for the BlandAllison Act of 1878, which mandated large government purchases of silver for striking into money, and also joined the large majorities in each house that overrode Hayes's veto of the legislation. In 1884, he was elected a delegate to that year's Republican convention, where he served as chair of the Committee on Resolutions and won plaudits for his handling of the convention when called upon to preside. In so doing, McKinley voted against the position of the House Republican leader, James Garfield, a fellow Ohioan and his friend. [35], After Cedar Creek, the army stayed in the vicinity through election day, when McKinley cast his first presidential ballot, for the incumbent Republican, Abraham Lincoln. [39] Carroll and Hancock encouraged McKinley to apply for a place in the peacetime army, but he declined and returned to Ohio the following month. [177], The McKinley administration's response to racial violence was minimal, causing him to lose black support. McKinley had spoken out against lynching while governor, and most black people who could still vote supported him in 1896. How many siblings did Booker T. Washington have? He was gerrymandered out and then beat the gerrymander! How many siblings did Emiliano Zapata have? According to historian Stanley Jones in his study of the 1896 election, Another feature common to the Reed and Allison campaigns was their failure to make headway against the tide which was running toward McKinley. 1852 How many siblings did Queen Liliuokalani have? McKinley died eight days later and was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt. Did William McKinley have any siblings? "[116], McKinley was sworn in as president on March 4, 1897, as his wife and mother looked on. How many siblings did Lyndon B. Johnson have? "Advocates of Empire: William Mckinley, The Senate and American Expansion, 1898-1899" (University of Delaware; Proquest Dissertations Publishing, 1978. William McKinley (January 29, 1843 September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. The wealthy Vice President leased a residence close to the White House; the two families visited each other without formality, and the Vice President's wife, Jennie Tuttle Hobart, sometimes substituted as Executive Mansion hostess when Ida McKinley was unwell. Their immigrant ancestor was David McKinley, born in Dervock, County Antrim, in present-day Northern Ireland. He had four sisters and three brothers. The primary purposes of such imposts was not to raise revenue, but to allow American manufacturing to develop by giving it a price advantage in the domestic market over foreign competitors. [22] Delayed in passing through Washington, D.C., the 23rd Ohio did not arrive in time for the battle but joined the Army of the Potomac as it hurried north to cut off Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as it advanced into Maryland. How many siblings did Herbert Hoover have? [76] He procured legislation that set up an arbitration board to settle work disputes and obtained passage of a law that fined employers who fired workers for belonging to a union. [1] The Allison family was of mostly English descent and among Pennsylvania's earliest settlers. McKinley insisted that a court of inquiry first determine whether the explosion was accidental. William McKinley was the 25th President of the United States. The following day, a funeral service was held at the First Methodist Church. While it was only natural for a Republican from a rapidly industrializing state to favour protection, McKinleys support reflected more than his partys pro-business bias. [32] By August, Early was retreating south in the valley, with Sheridan's army in pursuit. McKinley senior operated foundries throughout Ohio, in New Lisbon, Niles, Poland, and finally Canton. [67], For 1890, the Democrats gerrymandered McKinley one final time, placing Stark County in the same district as one of the strongest pro-Democrat counties, Holmes, populated by solidly Democratic Pennsylvania Dutch. [196] Roosevelt emerged as the campaign's primary speaker and Hanna helped the cause working to settle a coal miners strike in Pennsylvania. [126], Chief Justice Melville Fuller swears in William McKinley as president; outgoing President Grover Cleveland at right, For decades, rebels in Cuba had waged an intermittent campaign for freedom from Spanish colonial rule. [46] He remained a devoted husband and tended to his wife's medical and emotional needs for the rest of his life. More than 50,000 admirers attended his exposition speech, in which the leader who had been so closely identified with protectionism now sounded the call for commercial reciprocity among nations: By sensible trade arrangements which will not interrupt our home production, we shall extend the outlets for our increasing surplus. Eighteen years old at the start of the Civil War, McKinley enlisted in an Ohio regiment under the command of Rutherford B. Hayes, later the 19th president of the United States (187781). [173] Even without the agreement, agitation for free silver eased as prosperity began to return to the United States and gold from recent strikes in the Yukon and Australia increased the monetary supply even without silver coinage. How many siblings did Oliver Cromwell have? I have to think when I speak. Birth City: Niles. To drive their point home, they hired young partisans to pretend to be peddlers, who went door to door offering 25-cent tinware to housewives for 50 cents, explaining the rise in prices was due to the McKinley Tariff. William McKinley, speech made October 4, 1892, Boston, Massachusetts, McKinley took his congressional seat in October 1877, when President Hayes summoned Congress into special session. Brady, David William. Full text available online through academic libraries. [237], A controversial aspect of McKinley's presidency is territorial expansion and the question of imperialism; with the exception of the Philippines, granted independence in 1946, the United States retains the territories taken under McKinley. [213], At 2:15a.m. on September 14, 1901, McKinley died. On April 20 Congress authorized the president to use armed force to secure the independence of Cuba, and five days later it passed a formal declaration of war. The former governor, who remained in Canton, followed events at the convention closely by telephone, and was able to hear part of Foraker's speech nominating him over the line. [202] On September 5, McKinley delivered his address at the fairgrounds before a crowd of 50,000. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Other McKinley appointees who later became major figures include Day, whom Roosevelt elevated to the Supreme Court where he remained nearly 20 years, and William Howard Taft, whom McKinley had made Governor-General of the Philippines and who succeeded Roosevelt as president. These officials included Cortelyou, who served in three Cabinet positions under Roosevelt, and Dawes, who became vice president under Coolidge. [77], President Harrison had proven unpopular; there were divisions even within the Republican party as the year 1892 began and Harrison began his re-election drive. How many siblings did Ernest Rutherford have? Twice he tried to remove a public reception from the president's rescheduled visit to the exposition. [144] By the time the troops arrived in the Philippines at the end of June 1898, McKinley had decided that Spain would be required to surrender the archipelago to the United States. Although McKinley made some appointments of black people to low-level government posts, and received some praise for that, the appointments were less than they had received under previous Republican administrations.

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