The Himalayan mountains to the north protected India from invasions until the Mongols occupied some of the subcontinent territories. Some one-fifth of humanity is of Chinese nationality. China is a country located in east Asia. Author of, University Professor Emeritus of History and Sociology, University of Pittsburgh. Christine has an M.A. And these motifs extend even further back in time. The major teachings of Buddhism are moderation in all things, don't be hurtful to others, be fair, and try to help others. This influence exists in a religious culture for as long as geography can be said to be the most influential factor impacting everyday life. 4d. Whether it is religion or other beliefs, we are influenced by the cultures and regions we are from. 2015. China, Chinese (Pinyin) Zhonghua or (Wade-Giles romanization) Chung-hua, also spelled (Pinyin) Zhongguo or (Wade-Giles romanization) Chung-kuo, officially Peoples Republic of China or Chinese (Pinyin) Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo or (Wade-Giles romanization) Chung-hua Jen-min Kung-ho-kuo, country of East Asia. Geography of Religion methods allow us the opportunity more clearly to understand both of these phenomena. China's first dynasties helped chinese society develop and made many other achievements. Indeed, many non-Western people today do not recognize a difference between religion and culture. Schwemer, Daniel. Some argue that this can be best explained by the fact that religion no longer unites communities. In Protestantism, About Jesus or God.1. in the geography-religion interface. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Much of Chinas cultural development has been accomplished with relatively little outside influence, the introduction of Buddhism from India constituting a major exception. In the sixteenth-seventeenth century Geographers studied the spread of Christianity on a worldwide scale, Why? succeed. An error occurred trying to load this video. The biggest advantage is that China was able to stay isolated from outsiders and was protected from any invaders. In the past, the peculiarity of those shared aspects sometimes has led observers to challenge the validity of the figures themselves, even though linkages and similarities between them have never been considered anything but authentic by the local communities who venerate them. As a result, it is difficult for many to imagine that many religions can peacefully coexist within a single society. Expert Answers. [2] What are the major ethnic groups in China? This mountain range runs across the southwestern part of China and creates a natural boundary between India and the Tibetan Plateau. flashcard sets. The surrounding desert, mountains, and seas created natural barriers which protected the Ancient Chinese civilization from outside invaders. What is the importance of our faith in God?a. The negative side of increased exposure to other cultures is that this brings some rare languages to the brink of extinction. 2008. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Even in less extreme faiths, people may lose friendships and strain relationships with family members should they renounce their beliefs. Rachel Payne Gill is a World Cultures teacher, and has her Master's in Education from Lamar university. Fimbulwinter consists of three consecutive winters with no intervening summers, during which time snow comes from all directions and most of the living world dies of the cold. Oxford: Oxford University Press. However, cultural influences do not just change the external shape of religion. By Erica Ferg Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. My own book Sacred Worlds: an introduction to Geography and Religion, was published in 1994. The second tropical rainforest is the Xishuangbanna in the Yunnan Province, located on the southwest tip of China. Unification of Northern China by Shi Huangdi | Who was Qin Shi Huang? Similar phenomena and characteristics neither appear in the mythological or cosmogonic stories of warmer-weather locations, like the Levant, nor would they have resonated with the same effect among people there. The Han are the largest group in China, while the Zhuang is the largest minority group. Geography may be part of the answer. What is the relationship between culture and geography? In the Indian subcontinent, the fertile land and ample water resources led to the development of complex agricultural societies, which in turn led to the development of polytheistic religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism. Westerners have come to believe that religious differences do not necessarily undermine social order. Despite that, much of the Levant falls within the 400 mm (12 inches) isohyet, and most of the region generally receives, therefore, sufficient annual rainfall to enable the cultivation of rainfall or rain-fed agriculture. As churches fade from importance, people turn to politics to find meaning. The South Sea is south of Taiwan along the southeast coast of China. China is a country located in east Asia.It has very diverse geographical features across the country, from many seas and mountains to deserts and tundra. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part Two. In Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 8, no. Hindu Deities | Who Are the Main Hindu Gods? Geography of Religion as A Theory: Geography Shapes Religion. DepartmentBldg Tucson, AZ 85721 TEL 520-621-6897 FAX 520-626-9014. What type of diffusion spreads languages? This makes it very difficult to leave one's church. Like other early civilizations, Ancient China developed along rivers: the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. in American Studies, the study of American history/society/culture. These religions emphasized the importance of living in harmony with nature and the importance of social harmony, which was well suited to the agricultural way of life. Cultural messages can create tension, conflict and confusion within individuals when they run counter to religious beliefs and teachings, making it harder to integrate religion into their lives. As a native of the Levant, Haddad uniquely was positioned to have been aware, as well, of the common practices surrounding these figures between local communities of Muslims, Christians, Jews, and others. A geographer of religion attempts to understand how religious beliefs and practices affect people of a certain society and region. The location of the Levant, situated at the Eastern littoral of the Mediterranean Sea basin, has affected regional climate and rainfall patterns. In China, the fertile land and abundant resources led to the development of complex agricultural societies, which in turn led to the development of polytheistic and animistic religions such as Taoism and Confucianism. Impact Of Geography On China Ancient China is one of the oldest and longest lasting civilizations in the world. ), and Ming (1368-1644 C.E.). 1 How geography influences religion and religion affect culture? The attempt to convert people through the use of violence has made a regular appearance throughout history. Tropical Rainforest - Hainan Province, China. If the father is not the son,and the son is not the father,then the holy spirit is not ________.a. Thus, Asia Minor became a Trade Hub for traders going in and out of West Asia or Europe, which boosted the economy of Anatolia. These terrains were dangerous for Armies to travel. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. Thus, China grew independently with lesser external influence on its cultural growth. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. Omissions? Everest being the highest peak. Some other well-known mountains in China are the Kunlun Mountains, the Tianshan Mountains, and the Qinling Mountains. The largest desert in east Asia is the Gobi Desert. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Physical Geography Overview & Examples | What is Physical Geography? 8. Unlike the other early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley, ancient China was surrounded by natural barriers that kept them isolated from the western world. Its early civilization stayed contained within the natural barriers and did not start spreading until trade routes were developed. Geography has played a significant role in the development and spread of religions in West Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and China. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia, in the - 4932644. answered 2. Most of Europe, the Americas, and many African countries are characterized by a Christian heritage that has made most of the population Christian today. China's geography is very diverse. Its climate ranges from extremely dry, desertlike conditions in the northwest to tropical monsoon in the southeast, and China has the greatest contrast in temperature between its northern and southern borders of any country in the world. The tropical rainforests, or jungles, kept China from expanding south, and the cold tundra across the Tibetan Plateau kept them from expanding north. Oftentimes, people with a shared heritage share cultural, religious, and ethnic characteristics. Due to the vast differences of landcover throughout China, there are also many other contrasting climates. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. The Plateau of Tibet lies just southeast of the Himalayan Mountains and extends north to the Kunlun Mountains. With more than 4,000 years of recorded history, China is one of the few existing countries that also flourished economically and culturally in the earliest stages of world civilization. Another way in which we can see the effects of geography on religious narratives, figures, motifs, metaphors, and structures in this example, in the area of the Levant is through the notion of agrarian religion, first identified and coined by James Grehan in his 2014 book, Twilight of the Saints: Everyday Religion in Ottoman Syria and Palestine (Grehan 2014). How culture affected the development of religions? Understanding the interaction between a natural environment and various human and cultural patterns is an essential aspect of geography. 20 chapters | March 2020, The Way We Usually Think About Religion: A World Religions Paradigm. The trauma of this external challenge became the catalyst for a revolution that began in the early 20th century against the old regime and culminated in the establishment of a communist government in 1949. Similarly, when the Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan accepted Islam, thousands of nomadic Turkic bands followed him into the faith. Scholars of religious studies tend anachronistically to think of historical religious communities in the region as being theologically distinct from one another. Although there is not space in this forum to detail this argument, in my recent book, Geography, Religion, Gods, and Saints in the Eastern Mediterranean (New York: Routledge, 2020), which is the product of nearly a decade of research, I investigate the regional importance and longevity of the storm-god Baal-Hadad, as well as subsequent local counterparts such as Levantine Zeus, Jupiter, and even St. George, and alternative and corollary figures like Hebrew Bible Elijah, Late Antique Elijah, and al-Khir. Probably the single most identifiable characteristic of China to the people of the rest of the world is the size of its population. Geography can influence the shaping of culture, religion, politics, and the economy of a country or a region. 55. Shanghai is the main industrial city; Hong Kong is the leading commercial centre and port. Without religion uniting the community, they fear that society would descend into absolute chaos. Thus, the study of religion is a fruitful and important areas of inquiry. Throughout history, rivers such as the Yangtze and Huang He rivers made China thrive for thousands of years. Geography includes both natural barriers, political institutions, and cultures. 4. In the modern West, the great religions of the world coexist side-by-side. In . New York: Routledge. In 1969, Hassan S. Haddad wrote a brief article titled Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant, wherein he noted the similarities of Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir among agricultural communities of Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the Levant (Haddad 1969, 21-39). These religions emphasized the importance of living a simple and spiritual life, which was well suited to the harsh living conditions of the desert. Influence of geography on language development can be of many types: 1. Both A and C is correct.THIS PART IS : FILL IN THE BLANK.3. Where did civilization begin. It is the largest of all Asian countries and has the largest population of any country in the world. For many in these collectivist societies, one's religion is determined by the culture and reinforced through family legacy. Yes. Stump, Richard W. 2008. A traditional world religions perspective remains prevalent within religious studies textbooks and theoretical approaches (Asad 1993, 27-54; Masuzawa 2005). succeed. The major seas in China are the East Sea, South Sea, and Yellow Sea. Agrarian religion in the Levant, in Grehans formulation, was driven by geographical influences and characterized by sacred sites, essential agricultural needs, shared religious culture, and saints and holy figures. Each of these affects the development of religion in a given area. He has a BA in Philosophy from UC Santa Barbara, and an MA in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from CEVRO Institute, Prague, Czech Republic. Today, religious beliefs continue shaping the decisions and practices of people in East Asia, including a growing number of Christians throughout the region. As more and more people shared the same set of beliefs and practices, people who did not know each other could find common ground and build mutual trust and respect.

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